Total Hardness Solution
- Part number
- RXSOL-60-5531-002
- Category
- Test Kit For Water
- Brand
- RXSOL
Overview
Total hardness include Temporary Hardness and Permanent Hardness
Technical specifications
To determine both the temporary and permanent hardness of the given sample of water
Water is turned out to be hard owing to the presence of calcium or magnesium bicarbonates and chlorides or sulphates of calcium or magnesium. Correspondingly they are known as temporary hardness and permanent hardness of water. Both temporary and permanent hardness of water are expressed as their equivalents of CaCO3 in parts per 1,00,000 parts of water. This is referred to as Degrees of Hardness of water. For example, if a sample of water contains 10 parts of CaCO3 in 1,00,000 parts of water, it is said to possess 10 Degrees of hardness.
Determination of Temporary Hardness
Temporary hardness of water is caused by the presence of bicarbonates of calcium or magnesium. Hence its amount is estimated by directly titrating with a standard solution of an acid.
Exactly 100 ml of the given sample of water is buretted out or pipetted out into clean conical flask. Two drops of methyl orange indicator are added to it and titrated against HCI acid from the burette. When the water turns to a pale pink colour, the addition is stopped and the reading is noted down. Another titration is conducted for concordancy.
Determination of Permanent Hardness
When a measured excess of standard sodium carbonate solution is mixed with a known volume of hard water, the calcium and magnesium salts are completely precipitated as their insoluble carbonates. After filtration, the unreacted sodium carbonate is determined by titrating against standard HCI using methyl orange as the indicator. From the volume of hydrochloric acid equivalent in alkali carbonate, the amount of hardness is calculated.
A 100 ml of the given sample of water is accurately measured out into a clean conical flask. It is boiled for half an hour. This removes the temporary hardness. To this water, a 10 ml of 0.1N Na2CO3 solution is added and boiled for an hour. The solution is cooled and a freshly prepared distilled water is added to make up the volume loss by evaporation. It is filtered through a filter paper and the filtrate is collected in a conical flask. Two drops of methyl orange indicator are added to the filtrate and titrated against the standard HCI taken in the burette, until the solution becomes of pale pink colour. A duplicate experiment is conducted. From the volume of HCI consumed, the permanent hardness of water is calculated.
(i) Temporary hardness of the given sample of water = ... degrees.
(i) Permanent hardness of the given sample of water = ... degrees. Calculation
Calculation
1. Temporary Hardness
CaCO3 + 2HCl >>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
100 g of CaCO3 2,000 ml of 1N HCl
Titration value 3.2 ml of 0.1025N HCl
3.2 ml of 0.1025N HCl = 3.5 ml of 0.1N HCl
100 parts of the water required = 3.5 ml of 0.1N HCl
1,00, 000 parts of water will require 3.5 / 100 x 1,00,000 = 3500 ml of 0.1N HCl
1,00,000 parts of water will require = 350 ml of 1N HCl
As per the equation, 1 ml of 1N HCl = 0.05 g of CaCO3
1 ml of 0.1N HCl = 0.005 g of CaCO3
350 ml of 1N HCl = 350x0.05 g of CaCO3
=17.50 g of CaCO3
Degree of Temporary Hardness = 17.5 Degree
2. Permanent Hardness
Titration value = 7.3 ml of 0.1025N HCl
7.3 ml of 0.1025N HCl = 7.5 ml of 0.1N HCl
Volume of the water sample taken = 100 ml
Amount of Na2CO3 added = 10 ml of 0.10 N
Amount of Na2CO3 = 7.5 ml of 0.1N HCl
7.5 ml of 0.1N HCl = 7.5 ml of 0.1N Na2CO3
Amount of Na2CO3 reacted = 10 – 7.5
= 2.5 ml of 0.1N Na2CO3
= 2.5 ml of 0.1N HCl
1 ml of 1N HCl = 0.05 g of CaCO3
1 ml of 0.1N HCl = 0.005 g of CaCO3
2.5 ml of 0.1N HCl =0.005x25
= 0.0125 g of CaCO3
Amount of CaCO3 in 1,00,000 parts = ( 0.0125/100 ) 1,00,000
= 12.5 g
Permanent Hardness = 12.5 Dgree
Total Hardness = 17.5 +12.5 = 30 Degree
Applications
Determination of Temporary Hardness
Temporary hardness of water is caused by the presence of bicarbonates of calcium or magnesium. Hence its amount is estimated by directly titrating with a standard solution of an acid.
Exactly 100 ml of the given sample of water is buretted out or pipetted out into clean conical flask. Two drops of methyl orange indicator are added to it and titrated against HCI acid from the burette. When the water turns to a pale pink colour, the addition is stopped and the reading is noted down. Another titration is conducted for concordancy.
Dosage and directions
Determination of Permanent Hardness
When a measured excess of standard sodium carbonate solution is mixed with a known volume of hard water, the calcium and magnesium salts are completely precipitated as their insoluble carbonates. After filtration, the unreacted sodium carbonate is determined by titrating against standard HCI using methyl orange as the indicator. From the volume of hydrochloric acid equivalent in alkali carbonate, the amount of hardness is calculated.
A 100 ml of the given sample of water is accurately measured out into a clean conical flask. It is boiled for half an hour. This removes the temporary hardness. To this water, a 10 ml of 0.1N Na2CO3 solution is added and boiled for an hour. The solution is cooled and a freshly prepared distilled water is added to make up the volume loss by evaporation. It is filtered through a filter paper and the filtrate is collected in a conical flask. Two drops of methyl orange indicator are added to the filtrate and titrated against the standard HCI taken in the burette, until the solution becomes of pale pink colour. A duplicate experiment is conducted. From the volume of HCI consumed, the permanent hardness of water is calculated.
(i) Temporary hardness of the given sample of water = ... degrees.
(i) Permanent hardness of the given sample of water = ... degrees. Calculation
Safety and SDS
Read the safety data sheet before handling. Wear suitable gloves and eye protection.
View safety data sheet
| Product Code | RXSOL-60-6005-500 |
| Product Name | Total Hardness Solution |
Company Details:
RX MARINE INTERNATIONAL
105, A wing , BSEL , TECH PARK.
VASHI ,NEW BOMBAY 400703 INDIA
| Phone | +91 22 65113333 / 5555 / 9999 |
| Fax | +91 22 2781 1318 :::AOH :0091 9821214367 |
| rxsolchemicals@gmail.com |
| SARA 313 Component | CAS Number |
Percent |
Dimension |
Exposure Limits |
|
Ammonium Chloride |
CAS# 12125- 02-9 | 6.8% | W/V | None Established |
| Ammonium Hydroxide 28-30% w/w | CAS# 1336- 21-6 | 57.2% | V/V | None Established |
|
Water, Deionized ASTM Type II |
CAS# 7732-18-5 | 36% | V/V | None Established |
May be harmful if swallowed. May cause irritation. Avoid breathing vapors, or dusts. Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothes. Wash thoroughly after handling.
Emergency Overview:Caution! May Cause Irritation to Skin and Eyes.
Inhalation:No Adverse Health Effects Expected from Inhalation.
Ingestion:Substance has Low Toxicity by Ingestion. Large Amounts May Cause Gastrointestinal Upset due to Osmotic Imbalance Caused by its ability to Sequester Metal Ions.
Skin:May Cause Irritation with Redness and Pain.
Eye Contact:May Cause Irritation, Redness and Pain.
Chronic Exposure:No Information Found.
Aggravated by Exposure:No Information Found.
| SKIN: | Remove contaminated clothing. Wash exposed area with soap and water. if irritation persists, seek medical attention. |
| EYES: | Wash eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lids occasionally. Seek Medical Aid. |
| INHALATION: | Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen |
| INGESTION: | Give several glasses of milk or water. Vomiting may occur |
| Fire Extinguisher Type: | Any means suitable for extinguishing surrounding fire. |
| Fire / Explosion Hazards: | Thermal decomposition produces highly toxic fumes. |
| Fire Fighting Procedure: | Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing to prevent contact with skin and clothing. |
Absorb spill with inert material, then place in a chemical waste container. Neutralize with a weak acid.Ventilate area of leak or spill. Keep unnecessary and unprotected people away from area of Of spill. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment as specified in section 8. Contain and recover liquid when possible. Do not flush caustic residues to the sewer. Residues from spills can be diluted with water, neutralized with dilute acid such as acetic, hydrochloric Or sulfuric. Absorb neutralized caustic residue on clay, vermiculite or other inert substance and package in a suitable container for disposal. US Regulations (CERCLA) require reporting spills and releases to soil, water and air in excess of reportable quantities.
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from incompatible materials. Wash thoroughly after handling.
| Respiratory Protection: | NIOSH/MSHA-approved respirator |
| Ventilation: |
Local Mechanical |
| Protective Gloves: | NIOSH Approved Gloves |
| Eye Protection: | Goggles and Face Shield |
| Other Protective Equipment: |
Wear appropriate clothing to prevent skin exposure |
| Melting Point: | Information Not Available |
| Boiling Point: | Information Not Available |
| Vapor Pressure: | Information Not Available |
| Vapor Density: | Information Not Available |
| Solubility in Water: | Soluble |
| Appearance/Odors: | Clear liquid with ammonia |
| Flash Point: | Not applicable |
| Percent Volatile by Volume: | >90 |
| Evaporation Rate: | Information Not Available |
| Evaporation Standard: | |
| Auto Ignition Temp: | Not Applicable |
| Lower Flamm. Limit in Air: | Not Applicable |
| Upper Flamm. Limit in Air: | Not Applicable |
| Specific Gravity: | Information Not Available |
| Stability: | Stable |
| Conditions to Avoid: |
Avoid contact with incompatible materials. |
| Materials to Avoid: | Strong oxidizers, halogens, bleaches |
| Hazardous Decomposition Products: | Ammonia |
| Hazardous Polymerization: | Will Not Occur |
| Conditions to Avoid: | None known |
Carcinogenic References: IARC Category- None, NTP Carcinogen - Known: No
This material is not expected to significantly bioaccumulate.
Whatever cannot be saved for recovery or recycling should be managed in an appropriate and approved waste facility. Although not a listed RCRA hazardous waste, this material may exhibit one or more characteristics of a hazardous waste and require appropriate analysis to determine specific disposal requirements. Dispose of container and unused contents in accordance with federal, state and local requirements.
International (Water, IMO, IATA)
-----------------------------
Not Regulated
DOT Classification: UN2672, Ammonia Solution (with 10-35% Ammonia), 8, PG III
DOT Regulations may change from time to time. Please consult the most recent D.O.T. regulations.
Chemical Inventory Status –
Part 1:Ingrdient
Ammonium Hydroxide (1336-21-6)
Ammonium Chloride (12125-02-9)
TSCA Yes Yes
EC Yes Yes
Japan No Yes
Australia Yes Yes
Chemical Inventory Status –
Part 2:Ingredient
Ammonium Hydroxide (1336-21-6)
Ammonium Chloride (12125-02-9)
Korea Yes Yes
DSL Yes Yes
NDSL NO No
Phil. Yes Yes
Federal, State & International Regulations –
Part 1: Ingredient.
Ammonium Hydroxide (1336-21-6)
Ammonium Chloride (12125-02-9)
RQ NO No
TPQ NO NO
List NO No
Chemical Catg No No
Federal, State &
International Regulations –
Part 2:Ingredient
Ammonium Hydroxide (1336-21-6)
Ammonium Chloride (12125-02-9)
CERCLA 1000 5000
261.33 No No
8(d) No No
Chemical Weapons Convention:No
TSCA 12 (b):No
CDTA:NO
The information herein is believed to be accurate and is offered in good faith for the user's consideration and investigation. No warranty either expressed or implied is made for the completeness or accuracy of the information whether originating from the Rx Marine International or not. Users of this material should satisfy themselves by independent investigation of current scientific and medical knowledge that the material
DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY :The information in this SDS was obtained from sources which we believe are reliable. However, the information is provided without any warranty, express or implied, regarding its correctness. The conditions or methods of handling, storage, use or disposal of the product are beyond our control and may be beyond our knowledge. For this and other reasons, we do not assume responsibility and expressly disclaim liability for loss, damage or expense arising out of or in any way connected with the handling, storage, use or disposal of the product. This MSDS was prepared and is to be used only for this product. If the product is used as a component in another product, this MSDS information may not be applicable.
Availability
Total Hardness Solution manufacturer supplier distributor in Mumbai, Kandla, Kolkata, Vizag, Chennai, India, Fujairah, Dubai, Sharjah, UAE, Gulf, Middle East, Muscat Oman, Kenya Africa. Get the best quality of Total Hardness Solution at a competitive price from us. We have ready stock of Total Hardness Solution in India, UAE Gulf, Oman, Kenya Africa. Contact us for bulk as well as small orders.
